BS EN ISO 17131:2020 pdf free.Leather – Identification of leather with microscopy.
BS EN ISO 17131 1 Scope This document specifies a method using microscopy to identify leather and distinguish it from other materials. The method is not applicable for identifying specific leathers (e.g. sheep leather). 2 Normative references The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 17186, Leather一Physical and mechanical tests一Determination of surface coating thickness EN 15987, Leather一Terminology 一Key definitions for the leather trade 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 15987 apply. ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp 一IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/4 Principle A cross-section of the material is cut perpendicular to the surface. The material structure is compared with typical pictures or known samples by means of microscopy.  The method should be carried out by operators experienced in material identification by microscopy. 5 Apparatus and materials 5.1 Light microscope [optical, phase-contrast or stereo) or scanning electron microscope, capable of giving a normal magnification of at least 20 x. NOTE For some materials it is necessary to use a microscope with a magnification of 500 x. 5.2 Razor blade, capable of cutting a clean cross-section in leather, if the microscope illuminates from above or a scanning electron microscope is used. 5.3 Cryomicrotome, if the microscope illuminates from below or a phase-contrast microscope is used. 5.4 Coating unit, sputter or evaporation, including a suitable element or alloy (e.g. gold) for coating, if a scanning electron microscope is used.  5.5 Specimen stubs, suitable for a scanning electron microscope, if used. BS EN ISO 17131 pdf download.